Art hue schwarz



(No Model.)

A. SOHWA'RZ.

PHOTOGRAPHIO PRINTING APPARATUS.

NO. 601,883. Patented Apr. 5, 1898.

7 0 71171111111111) J. T I/IIIII' IIIII UNITED STATES PATENT @EETQE.

ARTHUR SOHIVARZ, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

PHOTOGRAPHlC-PRINTENG APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 601,883, dated April 5,1898.

Application filed May '7, 1897. Serial No. 685,508. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ARTHUR SOHWARZ, a subject of the German Emperor,residing at Berlin-Schoneberg, Germany, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in R0- tary Pneumatic Copying Apparatus forPhotographs, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a pneumatic copying apparatus for photographs inlarge quantities, especially adapted for the exposure of thecomparatively cheap albumin-paper. This paper requires a long exposurecompared to the other sensitized papers used for photographs.

I have illustrated my new apparatus in the annexed drawings,makinga partof this specification, and wherein Figure 1 shows a transverse centralsection, and Fig. 2 a longitudinal central section, of the improvedcopying apparatus.

The cylinder A,which, when Roentgen rays are being used, is made ofopaque material, (metal, however, being excluded,) is provided at bothends with the disks B B, formed as pulleys, that are idle on the shaftC, which derives its rotary motion from the pulley D. On the hub of theplate 13 is mounted the wormgear E, which is acted upon by the endlessscrew 6 and rotated in a direction opposite to'that of the pulley D.Consequently the cylinder A and the shaft C rotate in oppositedirections, and as said shaft C carries within the cylinder a drum F,upon which electric lamps f are arranged, while, f urthermore, saidshaft can revolve at any desired velocity, whereas the cylinder Arevolves slowly in the opposite direction, it isobvious that athoroughly uniform illumination of the whole cylinder is obtained. Bymeans of the great velocity of the shaft 0, I further obtain a veryeffective Ventilation and cooling of the highly-heated interior of thecylinder. This ventilation of the interior of the cylinder A isadvantageously obtained by means of fans Gr G, mounted on the shaft Owithin the cylinder. To this end the disks B and B are not solid,but areprovided with spokes I), (see Fig. 1,) and the oblique fans are locatedbetween these spokes. 1 thus obtain a very effective ventilation withinthe cylinder A.

The negatives N are placed upon the surface of the cylinder A, and theendless paper P travels around same in the direction of the arrows,reaching the cylinder after passing over a roll 0' and leaving the sameat roll 0", as shown in Fig. 1. From roll a the paper is fed for furthertreatment through the several baths. Consequently the strip of paper Pis exposed during its entire travel around the cylinder A-i. 6., longenough to enable me to use albumin-paper, and thus materially todecrease the price of the pictures; but if the use of cheap paper forthe wholesale production of pictures is of great importance the closepressure of the paper upon the negatives is still more important, asonly in this way good copies can be obtained. This result is obtained bya pneumatic arrangement of my invention, whiehI will now proceed todescribe.

The pressure-blanket D, made of rubber or any other suitable air-tightmaterial, passes over roll 1' upon the cylinder, and after circulatingaround the same it passes off over roll r and returns toward roll 0"over the guiderolls 0', r r r r and r. The blanket thus forms an endlesscirculating band, which may be firmly tightened about the cylinder bymeans of the adjustable roll X; but this tension is not sufficient forthe production of sharp clear copies, and the requisite uniformadjustment of the blanket is so far only obtained by means of pneumaticpressure. To employ such pressure in the present instance, it isnecessary that the blanket should adjust itself air-tight to thecylinder A. This purpose is attained by providing the edges of theblanket with a padded rim (1, guided in a corresponding groove arrangedin the circumference of the disks B B. As shown in Fig. 2, these disksare larger in diameter than the cylinder, so that a cavity is formed atthe point where the blanket passes from the cylinder to the disks. Air-ducts 7L, running through the hollow spokes of the disks l3 13', end inthis cavity, so that these disks looked at from the inside, Fig. 1,present a series of holes 71., distributed around the cylinder A. Allthe ducts 7L of each disk end at their other ends in a groove II,provided in the hub of the disk, said groove surrounding a series ofapertures 0, made in the hollow shaft 0, so that when the air isexhausted from this hol- IOO low shaft a vacuum is also formed under theblanket D, the air flowing off through the ducts h, the groove II, andthe apertures 0. One end of the shaft G is of course closed airtightforinstance, near the pulley D-while the other end is connected with theair-suction pipe, so that the shaft can rotate freely.

As already stated, the blanket D comes into contact with the cylinder Anear the roll 0' and leaves same near roll 0. Between these two pointsremains a space not covered by the blanket, and as the cylinder rotatesall the openings h are bound to pass this open space.Consequentlyduringthesesuccessivc passages the air-suction pipe wouldconnect with the free air, which would render the formation of a vacuumunder the blanket very difficult, if not altogether impossible. I haveovercome this difficulty by arranging between the rolls 4" and r aspring-actuated guard K, which, as shown in Fig. 2, adjusts itselftightly against the inner side of the edge of the disks B B, reachingbeyond the surface of the cylinder A, and thus closes the ductopenings7L immediately when they are no longer covered by the blanket D. In Fig.1 the closely-adjusting parts are shown at comparatively great distancesfrom each other. This was done in order to clearly show the several thinlayers. Consequently only a slight activity of the air-pump will berequired, for theoretically the vacuum under the blanket will becontinuously maintained, but in the practice small leaks cannot beentirel y avoided.

As the cylinder A- rotates with the blanket and in the same directionand the blanketis continually pulled off the cylinder near the roll 1 invery narrow strips, the travel of the blanket around the cylinder iseffected without any difficulty, notwithstanding the great pressureexerted thereon.

The electrical current for the lamps in the cylinder can be made in anypreferred mannerfor instance, by a sliding contact with the rotary shaftC.

If instead of electric lamps X-rays are used for the exposure, suitablevacuum-tubes or other similar devices are substituted for the lamps. Inthis case it is not necessary that the cylinder be made of transparentmaterial.

If it is desired to use paper sensitized on both sides in the apparatusdescribed, I employ, instead of the usual opaque blanket, a blanket madeof translucent materialfor instance, celluloid. In this case the secondseries of negatives N is distributed over the whole surface of thetransparent or translucent blanket turned toward the cylinder A, asshown in Fig. 1.

In the space between the part of the blanket covering the sensitizedpaper and that running over the rolls 0" T", which space is open at thesides, are placed supports K for the electric lamps.

The operation of this double copying apparatus is obvious, and is morespecifically described in my application filed March 29, 1897, SerialNo. 629,796.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a rotary pneumatic copying apparatus the combination of a rotarycylinder with a pressure-blanket traveling with said cylinder and meansfor forming a vacuum between the cylinder and the blanket, substantiallyas and for the purpose described and set forth.

2. In a rotary pneumatic copying apparatus the combination of a rotarycylinder with disks equipped with air-ducts, said air-ducts connectingthe space between the surface of the cylinder and the pressure-blanketwith the hollow axle upon which the cylinder is mounted, substantiallyas and for the purpose described and set forth.

3. In a rotarycopying apparatus the combination of a rotary cylinderwith a pressureblanket circulating around and covering nearly the entiresurface of the cylinder, airopenings for the evacuation of the air between the cylinder and the blanket and a sliding spring-actuated guardadapted to close the air-holes not covered by the blanket, substantiallyas and for the purpose described and set forth.

4:. In a rotary copying apparatus the combination of a rotary cylinderprovided with disks B B and mounted upon a hollow shaft, air-holesprovided in the shaft and ending in a circular groove in the hub of saiddisks, airpassages provided in the spokes of the disks and connectingthe space between the cylinder and the pressure-blanket with the hollowshaft, substantially as and for the purpose described and set forth.

5. In a rotary copying apparatus, the combination of a rotary cylinder,and a shaft inside of said cylinder rotatable in the opposite directionto the cylinder and carrying a light ing medium for the exposure,substantially as and for the purposes described.

6. In a rotary copying apparatus,the combination of a rotary cylinder,and means for creating a circulation of air within the cylinder forventilating and cooling the interior of the cylinder, substantially asand for the purposes described.

7. In arotary copying apparatus,the combination with a rotary cylinder,of a shaft within the cylinder and rotatable at a different speed fromthe cylinder, and means connected to said shaft for creatin anair-current within the cylinder for ventilating and cooling the interiorof the cylinder, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In witness whereof Ihave hereunto set my hand in presence of twowitnesses.

' ARTHUR SOI'IIVARZ.

IVituesses:

W. HAUPT, HENRY HARPER.

